关于楼主的问题,维基上有解释
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Purebred
Because pure-breeding creates a limited gene pool, purebred animal breeds are also susceptible to a wide range of congenital health problems.This problem is especially prevalent in competitive dog breeding and dog show circles due to the singular emphasis on aesthetics rather than health or function. Such problems also occur within certain segments of the horse industry for similar reasons. The problem is further compounded when breeders practice inbreeding.
上面已说的很清楚, 纯血马或狗是为了比赛的目的培育出来的,只强调某些方面的能力(比如速度),而这些动物的健康有很大问题