Doppelgänger
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
A doppelgänger (pronunciation (help·info)) is the ghostly double of a living person. The word doppelgänger is a loanword from German, written there (as any noun) with an initial capital letter Doppelgänger, composed from doppel, meaning "double", and gänger, literally as "goer" (though in this context, the meaning is closer to "walker"). In English, the word is conventionally not capitalized, and it is also common to drop the German diacritic umlaut on the letter "a" and write "doppelganger".
The term has, in the vernacular, come to refer to any double or look-alike of a person, most commonly in reference to a so-called evil twin, or to bilocation. Alternatively, the word is used to describe a phenomenon where you catch your own image out of the corner of your eye. In some mythologies, seeing one's own doppelgänger is an omen of death. A doppelgänger seen by friends or relatives of a person may sometimes bring bad luck, or indicate an approaching illness or health problem.
In folklore
The doppelgängers of folklore cast no shadow, and have no reflection in a mirror or in water. They are supposed to provide advice to the person they shadow, but this advice can be misleading or malicious. They can also, in rare instances, plant ideas in their victim's mind or appear before friends and relatives, causing confusion. In many cases once someone has viewed their own doppelganger they are doomed to be haunted by images of their ghostly counter part.
Famous reports of the doppelgänger phenomenon
一些著名的关于doppelganger现象的报道
Emilie Sagée was a schoolteacher in the nineteenth century whose doppelgänger's public appearances were recorded by Robert Dale Owen after being reported to him by Julie von Güldenstubbe.[citations needed]
（这个后面有详细介绍）
Guy de Maupassant recorded his own doppelgänger experiences in his story Lui ( The light continent).
GUY DE MAUPASSANT（莫泊桑）在他的小说LUI里记载了他自己的doppelganger经历。
Percy Bysshe Shelley claimed to have met his doppelgänger foreboding his own death.[citations needed]
Percy Bysshe Shelly（浪漫主义诗人雪莱）称遇到自己的doppelganger，因而预见了自己的死亡。
John Donne, the English metaphysical poet, apparently [citations needed] met his wife's doppelgänger in Paris, foreboding the death of his yet unborn daughter.[citations needed]
JOHN DONNE是英国的抽象主义诗人，曾经在巴黎遇到他妻子的doppelganger，预见了他尚未出生的女儿的死亡。
Abraham Lincoln told his wife that he saw two faces of himself in a mirror soon after being elected president, one deathly pale. His wife believed this to mean he would be elected to a second term but would not survive (Sandburg, 195).
Abraham Lincoln（美国总统林肯） 曾告诉妻子，他在当选总统后在一个镜子中看见自己的两张脸，其中一张死人似的苍白。他的妻子相信这意味着他将二度当选，但将不会生还。
Rosalyn Greene claims that the doppelgänger phenomenon, via bilocation, is responsible for reports of werewolves and other shapeshifters (Greene, 87).
Rosalyn Greene称doppelganger现象，通过两地同时出现，因而可以解释关于狼人和其他变形者现象的报道。
Emilie Sagée
Robert Dale Owen was responsible for writing down the singular case of Emilie Sagée. He was told this anecdote by Julie von Güldenstubbe, a Latvian aristocrat. Von Güldenstubbe reported that in the year 1845–46, at the age of 13, she witnessed, along with audiences of between 13 and 42 children, her 32-year-old French teacher Sagée bilocate, in broad daylight, inside her school (Pensionat von Neuwelcke). The actions of Sagée's doppelgänger included:
Mimicking writing and eating, but with nothing in its hands.
Moving independently of Sagée, and remaining motionless while she moved.
Appearing to be in full health while Sagée was badly ill.
Apparently also, the doppelgänger exerted resistance to the touch, but was non-physical (two girls passed through the doppelgänger's body).
ROBERT DALE OWEN（空想主义者欧文之子，做了很多这方面的研究）记载了Emilie Sagee的例子。一位拉托维亚贵族Julie von Güldenstubbe告诉欧文，在1845-46年即她13岁时，她和其他13-42位孩子一起目睹了她32岁的法语老师Sagee在大白天同时在她学校内的两地出现。Sagee 的doppelganger的行为包括：
模仿写字和吃饭，但是手里没有任何东西。
独自行动，移动时面无表情。
Sagee生重病时仍然保持健康。
而且很明显这个doppelganger竭力避免他人触碰，但是并非物理存在的（曾有两个女孩子穿过了这个doppelganger的身体）。
再补充一点相关的资料，本来是想查下OWEN是否就是那位空想主义者，结果发现是他的儿子。然后就找到了这位小欧文记录过的一个离魂例子（外国版倩女离魂？）——并非doppelganger二重身。这个故事发表于1860年罗伯特·戴尔·欧文的《走在灵界的边缘上》(Footfalls On The Boundary Of Another World, by Robert Dale Owen, Philadelphia: Lippincott 1860)，是由罗伯特·布鲁斯的好朋友克拉克船长向上述作者讲述的。他描述说布鲁斯是“他一生中所见过的最真诚，最直爽的一个人。”他跟欧文说，“我用生命来保证他没有说谎。” 这个故事不寻常之处是，灵魂不但离体显形，还到很远的船上留下了带有准确信息的字迹。这块记事板和上面的字迹可是“硬证据”，谁也无法否认的。
）至于为虾米，看下去就晓得了~
